Gyeongju is the capital of Silla Dynasty. It's one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea and the longest sustained dynasty that ruled for almost a thousand years. The other two are Baekje of Cheolla province and Goguryeo of the North (present day North Korea). Although Silla reigned the longest, it wasn't actually the strongest - the strongest being Goguryeo who was founded by Jumong and whose territory extends from present day Jilin, China to Vladivostok, Russia. Silla, although the weakest of the three had several great rulers. One of the most notable person that ruled the Kingdom was Queen Seon Deok. She was the first woman who ruled the Kingdom, and was known for her wit and courage as Silla then was plagued with rebellions and war from Goguryeo and Tang Dynasty of China. She didn't produce an heir so when she died, the throne was passed to her cousin Jin Deok who later became the 28th ruler of Silla and the second woman to rule the Kingdom. Silla's Golden Age came during the reign of King Muyeol who succeeded the throne from Jin Deok. He made an alliance with Tang and defeated Goguryeo and Baekje (the alliance with Tang resulted to Korea losing a big part of their land). Tang expanded it's rule in the North and wanted to establish territories in Baekje, and Silla realizing that, staged a battle that lasted for 10 years to expel all Tang's forces out, and later forming "Unified Silla". It is during this time where Korean arts and the Buddhism culture flourished and can still be seen all over Gyeongju today. Later, descendants from Baekje established Hubaekje, and rebels from the North created Hugoguryeo. Together with Silla, they formed "The Later Three Kingdoms". Unified Silla weakened in time till finally, it surrendered to Goryeo - a successor of Goguryeo. Goryeo also defeated Later Baekje, forming one ruling dynasty in Korea. Goryeo's reign lasted for almost 500 years till it was defeated by Joseon - the last dynasty to rule Korea.
Whew! I didn't know it's tough to summarize the convuluted Korean history in one paragraph! Anyway, let's go back to Silla. When Kings and noblemen of Silla dies, their remains are buried in large tombs. In this picture, you could see some of those large ancient tombs. This place is called Daereung-won.
Queen Seon Deok took pride in creating this ancient observatory which dates back from 7th century called Cheomseongdae (Star-gazing Tower). It's one of the oldest scientific installations on Earth. Can you imagine that?
Ok, I didn't watch the popular "Queen Seon Deok" drama (I'm not really crazy about Korean dramas), but I'm guessing not all of the stories there are true. But for what it's worth, I did visit a place where the drama was shot. Here are some picures of those.
Other places I visited in Gyeongju that connect to the ancient dynasty are Anapji, Seokguram and Bulguksa. I wrote an entry about it last year. Read it if you've got time to kill.
If Gyeongju's historical sites are a little too much for you, you could visit this Lake Park in Bomunho.
